Simulation-Based Feasibility Analysis of Ship Detection Using GNSS-R Delay-Doppler Maps

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing

Peter Willett¹  Maurizio Di Bisceglie²  Carmela Galdi²  Tiziana Beltramonte²  Alessio Di Simone³  Antonio Iodice³  Daniele Riccio³  Leonardo M. Millefiori⁴  Paolo Braca⁴ 

[1] Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA;Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy;Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy;NATO-STO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy;

关键词: Bistatic radar;    delay-doppler map (DDM);    global navigation satellite system-reflectometry (GNSS-R);    GNSS-R simulator;    maritime surveillance;    radar cross section;   

DOI  :  10.1109/JSTARS.2020.2970221

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In this article, we carry out a simulation analysis of ship detection via Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) delay-Doppler map (DDM). The GNSS-R DDM simulator used here is a modified version of an algorithm conceived for the generation of GNSS-R DDMs of the sea surface. The new algorithm is based on an analytical model for the radar cross section of ships and is able to properly account for the presence of ship targets within the scene. The proposed GNSS-R DDM simulator is, then, exploited for assessing the viability of GNSS-R in ship detection applications at low incidence angles, where the adopted scattering models provide accurate results. The aim of the implemented simulation setup is to analyze what are the preferable conditions for ship detection using standard GNSS-R signal processing chain receiver and compare typical forward left-hand circularly polarized GNSS-R systems with nonstandard backward right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) GNSS-R. The simulation study is two fold: first, detection performance is evaluated at spaceborne and airborne altitudes for both polarization channels under favorable detection conditions. Then, visibility of ship targets is assessed in terms of their location within the DDM. Simulation results show that ship detection is problematic when using satellite data, whereas interesting results are achieved at airborne altitudes, provided that the aircraft is approximately between the GNSS satellite and the target, and that appropriate RHCP polarization is probed. In such configurations, signal-to-noise-ratios larger than 10 dB are obtained with airborne receivers collecting the RHCP signal.

【 授权许可】

Unknown