Element Accumulation Patterns of Native Plant Species under the Natural Geochemical Stress

Plants

NatalyaV. Shvydkaya¹  MariyaA. Pashkevich²  AlexeyV. Alekseenko²  MariaM. Machevariani³  Jaume Bech⁴  Núria Roca⁴  AlexanderV. Puzanov⁵  AlekseyV. Nastavkin⁶  VladimirA. Alekseenko⁶ 

[1] Department of Botany and General Ecology, Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, 350004 Krasnodar Krai, Russia;Department of Geoecology, Saint Petersburg Mining University, 199106 Saint Petersburg, Russia;Department of Mineralogy, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Crystallography, and Petrography, 199106 Saint Petersburg, Russia;Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08002 Barcelona, Spain;Institute for Water and Environmental Problems SB RAS, 656038 Barnaul, Russia;Institute of Earth Sciences, Southern Federal University, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia;

关键词: metal anomalies;    trace elements;    metal uptake;    vegetation stress;    hyperaccumulation;    phytoremediation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/plants10010033

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A biogeochemical study of more than 20,000 soil and plant samples from the North Caucasus, Dzungarian Alatau, Kazakh Uplands, and Karatau Mountains revealed features of the chemical element uptake by the local flora. Adaptation of ore prospecting techniques alongside environmental approaches allowed the detection of geochemical changes in ecosystems, and the lessons learned can be embraced for soil phytoremediation. The data on the influence of phytogeochemical stress on the accumulation of more than 20 chemical elements by plants are considered in geochemical provinces, secondary fields of deposits, halos surrounding ore and nonmetallic deposits, zones of regional faults and schist formation, and over lithological contact lines of chemically contrasting rocks overlain by 5–20 m thick soils and unconsolidated cover. We have corroborated the postulate that the element accumulation patterns of native plants under the natural geochemical stress depend not only on the element content in soils and the characteristics of a particular species but also on the values of ionic radii and valences; with an increase in the energy coefficients of a chemical element, its plant accumulation decreases sharply. The contribution of internal factors to element uptake from solutions gives the way to soil phytoremediation over vast contaminated areas. The use of hyperaccumulating species for mining site soil treatment depends on several external factors that can strengthen or weaken the stressful situation, viz., the amount of bedrock exposure and thickness of unconsolidated rocks over ores, the chemical composition of ores and primary halos in ore-containing strata, the landscape and geochemical features of sites, and chemical element migration patterns in the supergene zone.

【 授权许可】

Unknown