Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease with Sjögren’s syndrome and secondary membranous nephropathy: a case report and review of the literature

BMC Nephrology

Yuejuan Pan¹  Song Wang¹  Wenhan Bao¹  Sijia Zhou¹  Hongxia Guo¹  Zhuan Cui¹  Danxia Zheng¹  Xinyu Tian¹  Zhenling Deng¹  Yue Wang¹ 

[1] Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital;

关键词: Idiopathic Castleman disease;    Membranous nephropathy;    Sjögren’s syndrome;    Tocilizumab;    Cyclophosphamide;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12882-020-02191-z

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder and lacks treatment consensus. Herein, we report a case of iMCD complicated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and secondary membranous nephropathy (SMN). Case presentation A 45-year-old female with dry mouth for 3 months and anasarca and proteinuria for 2 months was admitted. She also experienced chest tightness, wheezing, fever, weight loss, moderate proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a tissue mass in the thymus area and enlarged multiple lymph nodes. Her symptoms did not improve after resection of the thymus mass. The pathological findings were “reactive hyperplasia of the mediastinal lymph nodes and thymic hyperplasia”. Lymph node biopsy findings confirmed iMCD with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) negativity. Based on anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) 1:320, anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibody positivity, salivary flow less than 0.1 ml/min and lip biopsy with focal lymphocytic sialadenitis, SS was diagnosed. Kidney biopsy showed secondary membranous nephropathy with endocapillary cell proliferation and infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in the tubulointerstitium. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly increased, and therapy with tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor antibody) worked well. The combination of cyclophosphamide (CyS) with methylprednisolone (MP) maintained satisfactory remission. Conclusions Our case of iMCD with SS and SMN is rare. There is a need for increased awareness of the disease to avoid unnecessary procedures and misdiagnoses. IL-6 was extremely high, and there was a rapid response to anti-IL-6 receptor agents. The combination of CyS with MP maintained complete remission.

【 授权许可】

Unknown