A Two-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study—Improved Clinical Control over CVD Risk Factors through Weight Loss in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Jolanta Smok-Kalwat¹  Malgorzata Terek-Derszniak²  Halina Krol³  Stanislaw Gozdz³  Pawel Macek³  Malgorzata Biskup³  Marek Zak³ 

[1] Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Center, Artwinskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Center, Artwinskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;

关键词: obesity;    weight loss;    weight maintenance;    cardiovascular risk factors;    prevention;    public health;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm9092904

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Modest weight loss enhances clinical control over cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to assess the associations between individual weight loss and predefined criteria for clinical improvement in blood pressure, lipid levels, and glycemia. A two-year follow-up study involved 3388 (37.9% men) aged 45−64 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². Changes in body weight were calculated as a percentage of baseline weight; outcome variables: systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, high-density (HDL-C) and low-density (LDL-C) lipoproteins, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and triglycerides (TG) were construed as the differences between baseline and outcome values. Clinically significant improvement was defined as SBP/DBP reduction by 5 mm/Hg, FBG−20 mg/dL, LDL-C-10 mg/dL, TG−40 mg/dL, and HDL-C increase by 5 mg/dL. Apart from LDL-C, a modest 5%–10% weight loss was associated with clinically significantly improved outcomes. The incident rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for clinical improvement of SBP were: 1.27 (1.14–1.40), DBP/1.30 (1.12–1.50), HDL/1.54 (1.18–2.02), and TG/1.69 (1.32–2.17). In the higher category of weight loss, associations were still manifest, although the results proved diagnostically challenging (low number of cases). Even though modest weight loss does enhance clinical control over CVD risk factors, offering regular medical guidance to patients is postulated to further boos the anticipated outcomes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown