Frequency Analysis of Solar PV Power to Enable Optimal Building Load Control

Energies

Teja Kuruganti¹  Mohammed Olama¹  Yaosuo Xue²  Isha Sharma³  Jin Dong³ 

[1] Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;Electrical and Electronics Systems Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;

关键词: solar photovoltaic;    spectral analysis;    thermostatically controlled loads;    model predictive control;    energy storage systems;    Fourier transform;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en13184593

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In this paper, we present a flexibility estimation mechanism for buildings’ thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) to enable the distribution level consumption of the majority of solar photovoltaic (PV) generation by local building TCLs. The local consumption of PV generation provides several advantages to the grid operation as well as the consumers, such as reducing the stress on the distribution network, minimizing voltage fluctuations and two-way power flows in the distribution network, and reducing the required battery storage capacity for PV integration. This would result in increasing the solar PV generation penetration levels. The aims of this study are twofold. First, spectral (frequency) analyses of solar PV power generation together with the power consumption of multiple building TCLs (such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, water heaters, and refrigerators) are performed. These analyses define the bandwidth over which these TCLs can operate and also describe the PV generation frequency bandwidth. Such spectral analyses, in frequency domain, can help identify the flexible components of PV generation that can be consumed by the various TCLs through optimal building load utilization. Second, a quadratic optimization problem based on model predictive control is formulated to allow consuming most of the low and medium frequency content of the PV power locally by building TCLs, while maintaining occupants’ comfort and TCLs’ physical constraints. The solution to the proposed optimization problem is achieved using optimal control strategies. Numerical results show that most of the low and medium frequency content of the PV generation can be consumed locally by building TCLs. The remaining high-frequency content of the PV generation can then be stored/offset using energy storage systems.

【 授权许可】

Unknown