Long Non-Coding RNAs: Novel Players in Regulation of Immune Response Upon Herpesvirus Infection

Frontiers in Immunology

Waqas Ahmed¹  Zheng-Fei Liu² 

[1] College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China;Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;

关键词: herpesvirus;    long non-coding RNAs;    virus infection;    innate immunity;    adaptive immunity;    host–pathogen interaction;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2018.00761

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Herpesviruses have developed a variety of sophisticated immune evasion strategies to establish lifelong latent infection, including the use of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this review, we summarize the lncRNA action modes, i.e., RNA–protein, RNA–RNA, and RNA–DNA interactions, involved in regulating important aspects of immunity by controlling gene expression at various stages. Upon herpesvirus infection, host lncRNAs, such as nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1, negative regulator of antiviral, and B-cell integration cluster have been functionally characterized as negative or positive antiviral regulators in the immune response. Herpesviruses have also evolved multiple strategies to modulate the host immune response using lncRNAs, such as latency-associated transcript, β 2.7 RNA, 5 kb and 7.2 kb lncRNAs, Epstein–Barr virus-encoded non-coding RNA, BamH I-A rightward transcripts, polyadenylated nuclear, and herpesvirus saimiri U-rich RNAs. We discuss the various mechanisms of immune-related lncRNAs, and their diversified and important functions in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity upon herpesvirus infection as well as in host–pathogen interactions, which will facilitate our understanding of rational design of novel strategies to combat herpesvirus infection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown