Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway

Journal of Lipid Research

Alaa Othman¹  Arnold von Eckardstein²  Christoph Arenz³  Thorsten Hornemann³  Irina Alecu⁴  Anke Penno⁵  Essa M. Saied⁶ 

[1] Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland;Chemistry Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin D-12489, Germany;Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland;Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck D-23562, Germany;LIMES Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany;

关键词: sphingolipids;    lipids/chemistry;    mass spectrometry;    obesity;    diabetes;    neurotoxicity;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs) are atypical sphingolipids (SLs) that are formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during SL synthesis. The 1-deoxySLs are toxic to neurons and pancreatic β-cells. Pathologically elevated 1-deoxySLs cause the inherited neuropathy, hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1), and are also found in T2D. Diabetic sensory polyneuropathy (DSN) and HSAN1 are clinically very similar, suggesting that 1-deoxySLs may be implicated in both pathologies. The 1-deoxySLs are considered to be dead-end metabolites, as they lack the C1-hydroxyl group, which is essential for the canonical degradation of SLs. Here, we report a previously unknown metabolic pathway, which is capable of degrading 1-deoxySLs. Using a variety of metabolic labeling approaches and high-resolution high-accuracy MS, we identified eight 1-deoxySL downstream metabolites, which appear to be formed by cytochrome P450 (CYP)4F enzymes. Comprehensive inhibition and induction of CYP4F enzymes blocked and stimulated, respectively, the formation of the downstream metabolites. Consequently, CYP4F enzymes might be novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of HSAN1 and DSN, as well as for the prevention of T2D.

【 授权许可】

Unknown