Maternal iodine status in a multi-ethnic UK birth cohort: associations with autism spectrum disorder

BMC Pediatrics

Brian Kelly¹  Rafaq Azad¹  Dagmar Waiblinger¹  John Wright¹  Dan Mason¹  Nigel A. B. Simpson²  Stephen Reid³  Sarah Meadows⁴  Amanda McKillion⁴  Paul M. Stewart⁵  Michael Zimmermann⁶  Claire Keeble⁷  Diane Erin Threapleton⁸  Elizabeth Taylor⁸  Kirsten Jade Cromie⁸  Charles Jonathan Peter Snart⁸  Laura J. Hardie⁸  Darren Charles Greenwood⁸  Janet Elizabeth Cade⁹  Nisreen A. Alwan^1,10  Amanda H. Waterman^1,11  Mark Mon-Williams^1,11  Barry Wright^1,12 

[1] Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust;Division of Women’s and Children’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Leeds;Earth Surface Science Institute, School of Earth and Environment;Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK NIHR Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge;Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds;Laboratory for Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health;Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds;Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds;Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds;School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital;School of Psychology, University of Leeds;The Hull York Medical School, University of York;

关键词: Autism spectrum disorder;    Iodine;    Deficiency;    Fetal development;    Thyroid;    Pregnancy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12887-020-02440-y

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Maternal iodine requirements increase during pregnancy to supply thyroid hormones essential for fetal brain development. Maternal iodine deficiency can lead to hypothyroxinemia, a reduced fetal supply of thyroid hormones which, in the first trimester, has been linked to an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the child. No study to date has explored the direct link between maternal iodine deficiency and diagnosis of ASD in offspring. Methods Urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) and iodine/creatinine ratios (I:Cr) were measured in 6955 mothers at 26–28 weeks gestation participating in the Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort. Maternal iodine status was examined in relation to the probability of a Read (CTV3) code for autism being present in a child’s primary care records through a series of logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines. Results Median (inter-quartile range) UIC was 76 μg/L (46, 120) and I:Cr was 83 μg/g (59, 121) indicating a deficient population according to WHO guidelines. Ninety two children (1·3%) in our cohort had received a diagnosis of ASD by the census date. Overall, there was no evidence to support an association between I:Cr or UIC and ASD risk in children aged 8–12 years (p = 0·3). Conclusions There was no evidence of an increased clinical ASD risk in children born to mothers with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency at 26 weeks gestation. Alternative functional biomarkers of exposure and a wider range of conditions may provide further insight.

【 授权许可】

Unknown