Radiotherapy in Medulloblastoma—Evolution of Treatment, Current Concepts and Future Perspectives

Cancers

Clemens Seidel¹  Annegret Glasow¹  Stefan Dietzsch¹  Sina Heider¹  Rolf-Dieter Kortmann¹  Peter Hau² 

[1] Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;

关键词: medulloblastoma;    radiotherapy;    craniospinal irradiation;    neurotoxicity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13235945

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Medulloblastoma is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in children. During the last decades, the therapeutic landscape has changed significantly with craniospinal irradiation as the backbone of treatment. Survival times have increased and treatments were stratified according to clinical and later molecular risk factors. In this review, current evidence regarding the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy in medulloblastoma is summarized and discussed mainly based on data of controlled trials. Current concepts and future perspectives based on current risk classification are outlined. With the introduction of CSI, medulloblastoma has become a curable disease. Due to combination with chemotherapy, survival rates have increased significantly, allowing for a reduction in radiation dose and a decrease of toxicity in low- and standard-risk patients. Furthermore, modern radiotherapy techniques are able to avoid side effects in a fragile patient population. However, high-risk patients remain with relevant mortality and many patients still suffer from treatment related toxicity. Treatment needs to be continually refined with regard to more efficacious combinatorial treatment in the future.

【 授权许可】

Unknown