Brothers in Arms: Structure, Assembly and Function of Arenaviridae Nucleoprotein

Viruses

Afroditi Vaitsopoulou¹  Thi-HongVan Nguyen²  ElsieYekwa Laban²  François Ferron²  Bruno Canard²  Karine Alvarez²  Nicolas Papageorgiou²  Maria Spiliopoulou³  Irene Margiolaki³ 

[1] Aix-Marseille Université, AFMB UMR 7257, 13288 Marseille, France;Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, CNRS—UMR 7257, Polytech Case 925, 13009 Marseille, France;Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece Patras, Greece;

关键词: Arenaviridae;    Bunyavirales;    emerging diseases;    exonuclease;    nucleoprotein;    structure;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v12070772

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Arenaviridae is a family of viruses harbouring important emerging pathogens belonging to the Bunyavirales order. Like in other segmented negative strand RNA viruses, the nucleoprotein (NP) is a major actor of the viral life cycle being both (i) the necessary co-factor of the polymerase present in the L protein, and (ii) the last line of defence of the viral genome (vRNA) by physically hiding its presence in the cytoplasm. The NP is also one of the major players interfering with the immune system. Several structural studies of NP have shown that it features two domains: a globular RNA binding domain (NP-core) in its N-terminal and an exonuclease domain (ExoN) in its C-terminal. Further studies have observed that significant conformational changes are necessary for RNA encapsidation. In this review we revisited the most recent structural and functional data available on Arenaviridae NP, compared to other Bunyavirales nucleoproteins and explored the structural and functional implications. We review the variety of structural motif extensions involved in NP–NP binding mode. We also evaluate the major functional implications of NP interactome and the role of ExoN, thus making the NP a target of choice for future vaccine and antiviral therapy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown