Natural Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Triglyceride Form Attenuates In Vitro Microglial Activation and Ameliorates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice

Nutrients

Joan C. Domingo¹  Fèlix Rueda¹  Begoña Cordobilla¹  Pilar Mancera²  Blanca Wappenhans²  Marco Pugliese²  Juan F. Espinosa-Parrilla²  Noemí Virgili² 

[1] Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Falcutat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;Neurotec Pharma SL, Bioincubadora PCB-Santander, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 15, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;

关键词: docosahexaenoic acid;    microglia;    omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid;    oxidative stress;    anti-inflammatory process;    EAE model;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu9070681

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated, at least in part, to an inflammatory process in which microglia plays a major role. The effect of the triglyceride form of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (TG-DHA) was assayed in vitro and in vivo to assess the protective and anti-inflammatory activity of this compound. In the in vitro study, BV-2 microglia cells were previously treated with TG-DHA and then activated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). TG-DHA treatment protected BV-2 microglia cells from oxidative stress toxicity attenuating NO production and suppressing the induction of inflammatory cytokines. When compared with DHA in the ethyl-ester form, a significant difference in the ability to inhibit NO production in favor of TG-DHA was observed. TG-DHA inhibited significantly splenocyte proliferation but isolated CD4+ lymphocyte proliferation was unaffected. In a mice model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), 250 mg/kg/day oral TG-DHA treatment was associated with a significant amelioration of the course and severity of the disease as compared to untreated animals. TG-DHA-treated EAE mice showed a better weight profile, which is a symptom related to a better course of encephalomyelitis. TG-DHA may be a promising therapeutic agent in neuroinflammatory processes and merit to be more extensively studied in human neurodegenerative disorders.

【 授权许可】

Unknown