Mitogenomic phylogeny of Callithrix with special focus on human transferred taxa

BMC Genomics

Luiz C. M. Pereira¹  Silvia B. Moreira²  Alcides Pissinatti²  Dietmar Zinner³  Jorge A. Dergam⁴  Nelson H. A. Curi⁵  Claudia S. Igayara⁶  Carlos R. Ruiz-Miranda⁷  Marcello Passamani⁸  Daniel L. Silva⁹  Christian Roos^1,10  Joanna Malukiewicz^1,10  Angela Noll^1,10  Camila V. Molina^1,11  Patricia A. Nicola^1,12  Anne C. Stone^1,13  Reed A. Cartwright^1,14 

[1] Centro de Conservação e Manejo de Fauna da Caatinga, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco;Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro;Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research;Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa;Ecologia, Epidemiologia e Medicina da Conservação, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Unilavras;Guarulhos Municipal Zoo;Laboratório das Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense;Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Mamíferos, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras;Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas – NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto;Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research;Programa de Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo;Programa de Pós-Graduação, Ciências da Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco;School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University;School of Life Sciences and The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University;

关键词: mtDNA;    Marmoset;    Divergence;    Atlantic forest;    Brazil;    Callitrichidae;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-021-07533-1

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Callithrix marmosets are a relatively young primate radiation, whose phylogeny is not yet fully resolved. These primates are naturally para- and allopatric, but three species with highly invasive potential have been introduced into the southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest by the pet trade. There, these species hybridize with each other and endangered, native congeners. We aimed here to reconstruct a robust Callithrix phylogeny and divergence time estimates, and identify the biogeographic origins of autochthonous and allochthonous Callithrix mitogenome lineages. We sequenced 49 mitogenomes from four species (C. aurita, C. geoffroyi, C. jacchus, C. penicillata) and anthropogenic hybrids (C. aurita x Callithrix sp., C. penicillata x C. jacchus, Callithrix sp. x Callithrix sp., C. penicillata x C. geoffroyi) via Sanger and whole genome sequencing. We combined these data with previously published Callithrix mitogenomes to analyze five Callithrix species in total. Results We report the complete sequence and organization of the C. aurita mitogenome. Phylogenetic analyses showed that C. aurita was the first to diverge within Callithrix 3.54 million years ago (Ma), while C. jacchus and C. penicillata lineages diverged most recently 0.5 Ma as sister clades. MtDNA clades of C. aurita, C. geoffroyi, and C. penicillata show intraspecific geographic structure, but C. penicillata clades appear polyphyletic. Hybrids, which were identified by phenotype, possessed mainly C. penicillata or C. jacchus mtDNA haplotypes. The biogeographic origins of mtDNA haplotypes from hybrid and allochthonous Callithrix were broadly distributed across natural Callithrix ranges. Our phylogenetic results also evidence introgression of C. jacchus mtDNA into C. aurita. Conclusion Our robust Callithrix mitogenome phylogeny shows C. aurita lineages as basal and C. jacchus lineages among the most recent within Callithrix. We provide the first evidence that parental mtDNA lineages of anthropogenic hybrid and allochthonous marmosets are broadly distributed inside and outside of the Atlantic Forest. We also show evidence of cryptic hybridization between allochthonous Callithrix and autochthonous C. aurita. Our results encouragingly show that further development of genomic resources will allow to more clearly elucidate Callithrix evolutionary relationships and understand the dynamics of Callithrix anthropogenic introductions into the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

【 授权许可】

Unknown