Assessing the Fresh–Saline Groundwater Distribution in the Nile Delta Aquifer Using a 3D Variable-Density Groundwater Flow Model

Water

GualbertH. P. Oude Essink¹  Andreja Jonoski²  Stefan Uhlenbrook²  Marmar Mabrouk³ 

[1] Deltares, Unit of Subsurface and Groundwater Systems, Daltonlaan 600, P.O. Box 85467, 3584 BK Utrecht, The Netherlands;IHE Delft, Department of Integrated Water Systems and Governance, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands;Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Nile Water Sector, P.O. Box 11471, 11728 Cairo, Egypt;

关键词: Nile Delta;    groundwater;    salt water intrusion;    variable-density groundwater modeling;    salt/fresh groundwater relations;   

DOI  :  10.3390/w11091946

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The Nile Delta Aquifer (NDA) is threatened by salt water intrusion (SWI). This article demonstrates an approach for identifying critical salinity concentration zones using a three-dimensional (3D) variable-density groundwater flow model in the NDA. An innovative procedure is presented for the delineation of salinity concentration in 2010 by testing different simulation periods. The results confirm the presence of saline groundwater caused by SWI in the north of the NDA. In addition, certain regions in the east and southwest of the NDA show increased salinity concentration levels, possibly due to excessive groundwater extraction and dissolution of marine fractured limestone and shale that form the bedrock underlying the aquifer. The research shows that the NDA is still not in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The modeling instrument can be used for simulating future scenarios of SWI to provide a sustainable adaptation plan for groundwater resource.

【 授权许可】

Unknown