Influence of annealing and keV-ion implantation into tungsten on deuterium retention and permeation: The dependence on bulk and surface microstructure

Nuclear Materials and Energy

Wei Jin¹  Chuan-hui Liang²  Jun Hu³  Hailong Xing³  Dong-ping Wang³  Biao Hu³  Xiaohong Chen³  Ke-zhao Liu³  Xueyang Lv³  Chang-an Chen³  Sen Yang³  Xin-chun Mao³  Lin-sen Zhou⁴  Lu Cai⁵  Aart W. Kleyn⁵ 

[1] Corresponding authors.;Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621908, China;Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621908, China;Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China;

关键词: Tungsten;    Deuterium;    Retention;    Permeation;    Ion implantation;    Annealing;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The microstructure of tungsten, a primary candidate for the first wall of Tokamak devices, affects the retention and permeation of hydrogen isotopes. These have a close connection to the tritium inventory. In this work, the tungsten microstructure was tuned by annealing and intense 15,700 displacements per atom (dpa) keV-W-self-ion implantation. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that the annealing treatment has little influence on the crystallite size but decreases the number of defects such as vacancies, which relates to the bulk microstructure. Moreover, ion implantation changes the sample surface from a smooth quasi-mirror to a grey morphology with various voids. The deuterium retention is suppressed by the decrease of bulk defects due to annealing, but does not present a saturation with the displacement damage increase. It is interesting to note that in permeation, the rate limiting step is bulk diffusion while the deuterium permeability is enhanced for samples with a surface modification. The possible permeation mechanisms and their relation with the sample microstructure are discussed in this work.

【 授权许可】

Unknown