An Evaluation of the Nature of the Concept of Nusuk in the Qur’an

Amasya İlahiyat Dergisi

关键词: commentary;    nusuk;    sacrifice;    hajj;   

DOI  :  10.18498/amailad.960895

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The Qur’an is the final divine book that was revealed in Arabic. It is also a masterpiece of Arabic literature because it reflects the living language and literary arts of the period in which it was revealed in the best way as well as being a divine word. The fact that most of the words and terms in the Qur’an belong to the language that was used by the society to which they were revealed is also the condition of its eloquence. Because the word is eloquent to the extent that it covers the requirements of the addressee. Although the Qur’an has a linguistic structure in which the dialect of Quraysh was dominant, it also borrowed words from other tribes and communities. For this reason, words or concepts that are difficult to understand are still faced because of the fact that some words were sometimes used differently by tribes, sometimes the Qur’an adds new meanings to some words, and sometimes the words contain more than one meaning in terms of having a strong linguistic and structural richness of expression. Analyzing these words and concepts in terms of semantics has great importance in terms of understanding the intended meaning of verses. In the present study, an analysis was performed on the concept of nusuk, which was not alien to the pre-Islamic society in the sense of sacrifice but gained other meanings over time. In terms of word derivations, nusuk is mentioned in seven places in the Qur’an, twice in the form of mensek and menasik, and once in the form of nasik. The first of the verses in which the word was mentioned in the order of revelation is in the Surah An’am. Commentators interpret this word in different ways. Although the meaning of nusuk was associated with sacrifice and pilgrimage in the periods of the Companions and Tabiun by commentators such as Tabari and Ibn Kathir, it is seen that the explanation of it in relation to worshiping in a more general sense has become widespread. Today, the meaning of worshipping is still preferred in the majority of the existing commentaries. However, there is a consensus among the commentators on the use of the word in the sense of sacrifice, as stated in the Hadiths in the 196th Verse of the Surah al-Baqara, where the word is used in the same form. The word mensek is mentioned twice in the surahs of Baqara and Hajj, which are among the Madani surahs. Commentators consider the word as an infinitive, temporal, or place name, and therefore, they attach it to the words such as sacrificing, place, and time of sacrifice, places of pilgrimage, place and time of worship, and religion. Menasik, as the plural of mensek, is only mentioned in two verses in the Surah al-Baqara in the Qur’an. The use of the word in relation to Abraham also shows that it is associated with pilgrimage and sacrifice, according to which the commentators explain the word as rituals and places of pilgrimage, places of sacrifices and slaughter, and places of worshipping. However, the use of the word in relation to pilgrimage has become more common over time. It is possible to explain the word as pilgrimage practices because the word allows to be evaluated together with pilgrimage and sacrifice. Menasik, which is mentioned in the 128th verse of Surah al-Baqara, has been mostly translated as places, forms, and methods of worshipping independently of the pilgrimage. On the other hand, it is mostly associated with pilgrimage in the 200th verse of the same surah, and the word is given meaning as pilgrimage worshipping. The word is mentioned in the nasik form once in the Surah of Hajj, in the semantic association with mensek. As the adjective of mensek, nasik means “those who are obliged to fulfill the sacrifice” in the verse. Metaphorically, although the word means zahid who worships a lot, it should not be considered independent of mensek here, and the meaning given was formed in this direction. As a conclusion, the purpose of the present study was to examine how the word nusik and its derivatives are interpreted in different ways according to the verses in which it is included, and to determine what the reasons for the preferred meaning are. The translation of the words and their derivatives in Turkish translations was also compared here.

【 授权许可】

Unknown