Cancer and Tumour Suppressor p53 Encounters at the Juncture of Sex Disparity

Frontiers in Genetics

Ygal Haupt¹  Sue Haupt² 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;

关键词: p53;    sex disparity;    cancer;    oxidative stress;    SNPs;    epigenetics;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fgene.2021.632719

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

There are many differences in cancer manifestation between men and women. New understanding of the origin of these point to fundamental distinctions in the genetic code and its demise. Tumour suppressor protein p53 is the chief operating officer of cancer defence and critically acts to safeguard against sustained DNA damaged. P53 cannot be ignored in cancer sex disparity. In this review we discuss the greater prevalence and associated death rates for non-reproductive cancers in males. The major tumour suppressor protein p53, encoded in the TP53 gene is our chosen context. It is fitting to ask why somatic TP53 mutation incidence is estimated to be disproportionately higher among males in the population for these types of cancers compared with females? We scrutinised the literature for evidence of predisposing genetic and epigenetic alterations that may explain this sex bias. Our second approach was to explore whether redox activity, either externally imposed or inherent to males and females, may define distinct risks that could contribute to the clear cancer sex disparities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown