Tibial Stem Extension versus Standard Configuration in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Assessment According to Bone Properties

Medicina

Cosmin Marian Pantu¹  Stefan Cristea²  Stefan Alexandru Cuculici³  Viviana Filip⁴  Simona Mihai⁵  Alexis Daniel Negrea⁶  Alexandru Cristian Filip⁷ 

[1] Department 2—Morphological Sciences—Anatomy, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma, ‘Sf. Pantelimon’ Emergency Clinical Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania;Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ilfov County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 022104 Bucharest, Romania;Mechanical Department, Doctoral School, ‘Valahia’ University, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;Mechanical Department, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, ‘Valahia’ University, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;Mechanical Department, Materials and Mechanical Faculty, ‘Valahia’ University, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central University Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;

关键词: total knee arthroplasty;    primary total knee arthroplasty;    implant;    prosthesis;    tibial stem extension;    osteoarthritis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/medicina58050634

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background and Objectives: This study’s purpose was to examine the benefit of using a tibial extension in the primary operation of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This is important because it is not a common practice to use the extension in a primary TKA, a standard configuration offering sufficient stability and good long-term survivorship. The following question arises: which situation requires the use of a standard configuration implant (without a stem) and which situation requires using the extension? Materials and Methods: The opportunity to use the tibial extension in the primary TKA was analyzed in correlation to the tibial bone structural properties. Using finite elements (FEs), the virtual model of the tibial bone was connected to that of the prosthetic implant, with and without a stem, and its behavior was analyzed during static and dynamic stresses, both in the situation in which the bone had normal physical properties, as well as in the case in which the bone had diminished physical properties. Results: The maximum stress and displacement values in the static compression regime show that adding a stem is only beneficial to structurally altered bone. Compression fatigue was reduced to almost half in the case of altered bone when adding a stem. Dynamic compression showed slightly better results with the tibial stem in both healthy and degraded bone. Conclusions: It was concluded that, if the bone is healthy and has good structural properties, it is not necessary to use the tibial extension in the primary operation; and if the bone has diminished physical properties, it is necessary to use the tibial extension at the primary operation, enhancing the stability, fixation, and implant lifespan.

【 授权许可】

Unknown