Developmental Programming and Reprogramming of Hypertension and Kidney Disease: Impact of Tryptophan Metabolism

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

You-Lin Tain¹  Chien-Ning Hsu² 

[1] Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;

关键词: aryl hydrocarbon receptor;    chronic kidney disease;    developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD);    hypertension;    indole;    kynurenine;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms21228705

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The concept that hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) originate in early life has emerged recently. During pregnancy, tryptophan is crucial for maternal protein synthesis and fetal development. On one hand, impaired tryptophan metabolic pathway in pregnancy impacts fetal programming, resulting in the developmental programming of hypertension and kidney disease in adult offspring. On the other hand, tryptophan-related interventions might serve as reprogramming strategies to prevent a disease from occurring. In the present review, we aim to summarize (1) the three major tryptophan metabolic pathways, (2) the impact of tryptophan metabolism in pregnancy, (3) the interplay occurring between tryptophan metabolites and gut microbiota on the production of uremic toxins, (4) the role of tryptophan-derived metabolites-induced hypertension and CKD of developmental origin, (5) the therapeutic options in pregnancy that could aid in reprogramming adverse effects to protect offspring against hypertension and CKD, and (6) possible mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolism to developmental programming of hypertension and kidney disease.

【 授权许可】

Unknown