Antagonistic Interactions between Benzo[a]pyrene and Fullerene (C60) in Toxicological Response of Marine Mussels

Nanomaterials

AndreiN. Khlobystov¹  AwadheshN. Jha²  Yann Aminot²  VolkerM. Arlt³  Farida Akcha⁴  NicolaJ. Weston⁵  LauraM. Langan⁶  Audrey Barranger⁶  MichaelN. Moore⁶  Vikram Sharma⁷  JamesW. Readman⁸  GrahamA. Rance⁸ 

[1] Health, London SE1 9NH, UK;Centre for Chemical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;;Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, MRC-PHE Centre for Environmental &Ifremer, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, F-44311, CEDEX 03 Nantes, France;Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;

关键词: Trojan horse effect;    B[a]P;    nC₆₀;    co-exposure;    mussels;    DNA damage;    proteomics;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nano9070987

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

This study aimed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of the interaction of fullerene (C₆₀) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) on the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. The uptake of nC₆₀, B[a]P and mixtures of nC₆₀ and B[a]P into tissues was confirmed by Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry (GC−MS), Liquid Chromatography−High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC−HRMS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP−MS). Biomarkers of DNA damage as well as proteomics analysis were applied to unravel the interactive effect of B[a]P and C₆₀. Antagonistic responses were observed at the genotoxic and proteomic level. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were only identified in the B[a]P single exposure and the B[a]P mixture exposure groups containing 1 mg/L of C₆₀, the majority of which were downregulated (~52%). No DEPs were identified at any of the concentrations of nC₆₀ (p < 0.05, 1% FDR). Using DEPs identified at a threshold of (p < 0.05; B[a]P and B[a]P mixture with nC₆₀), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that these proteins were enriched with a broad spectrum of biological processes and pathways, including those broadly associated with protein processing, cellular processes and environmental information processing. Among those significantly enriched pathways, the ribosome was consistently the top enriched term irrespective of treatment or concentration and plays an important role as the site of biological protein synthesis and translation. Our results demonstrate the complex multi-modal response to environmental stressors in M. galloprovincialis.

【 授权许可】

Unknown