The Third dose of CoronVac vaccination induces broad and potent adaptive immune responses that recognize SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants

Emerging Microbes and Infections

Yawen Wan¹  Minxin Mao¹  Ming Li¹  Lin Chen²  Yue Tao²  Yuxin Chen³  Han Shen³  Jun Ni³  Xin Tong⁴  Chao Wu⁴  Jie Li⁴  Xiaoyun Ji⁴  Rui Huang⁴  Xianchi Dong⁴  Shengxia Yin⁴  Changjun Bao⁵  Liguo Zhu⁵  Ya Shen⁵ 

[1] Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: COVID-19 vaccine;    booster;    coronavac;    neutralization;    T cell responses;   

DOI  :  10.1080/22221751.2022.2081614

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The waning humoral immunity and emerging contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants resulted in the necessity of the booster vaccination of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The inactivated vaccine, CoronaVac, is the most widely supplied COVID-19 vaccine globally. Whether the CoronaVac booster elicited adaptive responses that cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) among 77 healthy subjects receiving the third dose of CoronaVac were explored. After the boost, remarkable elevated spike-specific IgG and IgA responses, as well as boosted neutralization activities, were observed, despite 3.0-fold and 5.9-fold reduced neutralization activities against Delta and Omicron strains compared to that of the ancestral strain. Furthermore, the booster dose induced potent B cells and memory B cells that cross-bound receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins derived from VoCs, while Delta and Omicron RBD-specific memory B cell recognitions were reduced by 2.7-fold and 4.2-fold compared to that of ancestral strain, respectively. Consistently, spike-specific circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) significantly increased and remained stable after the boost, with a predominant expansion towards cTfh17 subpopulations. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells peaked and sustained after the booster. Notably, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell recognition of VoC spike was largely preserved compared to the ancestral strain. Individuals without generating Delta or Omicron neutralization activities had comparable levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells responses as those with detectable neutralizing activities. Our study demonstrated that the CoronaVac booster induced broad and potent adaptive immune responses that could be effective in controlling SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants.

【 授权许可】

Unknown