The Bone Buttress Theory: The Effect of the Mechanical Loading of Bone on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants

Biology

Iratxe Viteri-Agustín¹  Aritza Brizuela-Velasco²  Markel Dieguez-Pereira²  Ángel Álvarez-Arenal²  Alejandro Estrada-Martínez²  David Chavarri-Prado²  Esteban Pérez-Pevida³ 

[1] Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;

关键词: implant stability;    resonance frequency analysis;    osseointegration;    immediate loading;    BIC;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biology10010012

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Objectives: To determine the effect of mechanical loading of bone on the stability and histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants using an experimental test in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 4 human implants were placed in both tibiae of 10 New Zealand rabbits (n = 40). A 6-week osseointegration was considered, and the rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Test group) included 5 rabbits that ran on a treadmill for 20 min daily during the osseointegration period; Group B (Controls) included the other 5 that were housed conventionally. The monitored variables were related to the primary and secondary stability of the dental implants (implant stability quotient—ISQ), vertical bone growth, bone to implant contact (BIC), area of regenerated bone and the percentage of immature matrix. Results: The results of the study show a greater vertical bone growth (Group A 1.26 ± 0.48 mm, Group B 0.32 ± 0.47 mm, p < 0.001), higher ISQ values (Group A 11.25 ± 6.10 ISQ, 15.73%; Group B 5.80 ± 5.97 ISQ, 7.99%, p = 0.006) and a higher BIC (Group A 19.37%, Group B 23.60%, p = 0.0058) for implants in the test group, with statistically significant differences. A higher percentage of immature bone matrix was observed for implants in the control group (20.68 ± 9.53) than those in the test group (15.38 ± 8.84) (p = 0.108). A larger area of regenerated bone was also observed for the test implants (Group A 280.50 ± 125.40 mm², Group B 228.00 ± 141.40 mm²), but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). Conclusions: The mechanical loading of bone improves the stability and the histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants.

【 授权许可】

Unknown