A Sustainable Synthetic Approach to the Indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IDT) Core through Cascade Cyclization–Deprotection Reactions

Chemistry

Andrea Nitti¹  Giacomo Forti¹  Dario Pasini¹  Gabriele Bianchi²  Riccardo Po² 

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;New Energies, Renewable Energies and Materials Science Research Center, Eni SpA, Via Giacomo Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy;

关键词: organic photovoltaics;    nonfullerene acceptors;    cascade reactions;    sustainable chemistry;   

DOI  :  10.3390/chemistry4010018

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJs) are competitive within the emerging photovoltaic technologies for solar energy conversion because of their unique advantages. Their development has been boosted recently by the introduction of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFAs), to be used in combination with a polymeric electron donor in the active layer composition. Many of the recent advances in NFAs are attributable to the class of fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs), which is now predominant, with one of the most notable examples being formed with a fused five-member-ring indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IDT) core. Here, we propose a novel and more sustainable synthesis for the IDT core. Our approach bypasses tin derivatives needed in the Stille condensation, whose byproducts are toxic and difficult to dispose of, and it makes use of cascade reactions, effectively reducing the number of synthetic steps.

【 授权许可】

Unknown