Discriminatory experiences predict neuroanatomical changes and anxiety among healthy individuals and those at clinical high risk for psychosis

NeuroImage: Clinical

Yoonho Chung¹  Tyrone D. Cannon²  Barbara A. Cornblatt³  Larry J. Seidman⁴  Scott W. Woods⁵  Jean Addington⁶  Carrie E. Bearden⁷  Daniel H. Mathalon⁸  Diana O. Perkins⁹  Elaine F. Walker^1,10  Ming T. Tsuang^1,11  Thomas H. McGlashan^1,12  Meghan A. Collins^1,13  Kristin S. Cadenhead^1,14 

[1] Corresponding author at: 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.;Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA;San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA;Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA;Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA;Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA;Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA;Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, New York City, NY, USA;Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;;Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior &

关键词: Discrimination;    Social adversity;    Cortical thickness;    Neurodevelopmental trajectory;    Clinical high risk for psychosis;    Anxiety;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Individuals face discrimination based on characteristics including race/ethnicity, gender, age, and disability. Discriminatory experiences (DE) are associated with poor psychological health in the general population and with worse outcomes among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). Though the brain is sensitive to stress, and brain structural change is a well-documented precursor to psychosis, potential relationships between DE and brain structure among CHR or healthy individuals are not known. This report assessed whether lifetime DE are associated with cortical thinning and clinical outcomes across time, after controlling for discrimination-related demographic factors among CHR individuals who ultimately do (N = 57) and do not convert to psychosis (N = 451), and healthy comparison (N = 208) participants in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Results indicate that DE are associated with thinner cortex across time in several cortical areas. Thickness in several right hemisphere regions partially mediates associations between DE and subsequent anxiety symptoms, but not attenuated positive symptoms of psychosis. This report provides the first evidence to date of an association between DE and brain structure in both CHR and healthy comparison individuals. Results also suggest that thinner cortex across time in areas linked with DE may partially explain associations between DE and cross-diagnostic indicators of psychological distress.

【 授权许可】

Unknown