Candida albicans Biofilm Inhibition by Two Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry) Urinary Metabolites: 5-(3′,4′-DihydroxyPhenyl)-γ-Valerolactone and 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

Microorganisms

Elisa Borghi¹  Emerenziana Ottaviano¹  Elisa Adele Colombo¹  Jessica Leite²  Angelica Artasensi²  Laura Fumagalli²  Giovanna Baron²  Giancarlo Aldini² 

[1] Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;

关键词: Candida albicans;    cranberry;    biofilm;    HWP1;   

DOI  :  10.3390/microorganisms9071492

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Candida spp. are pathobionts, as they can switch from commensals to pathogens, responsible for a variety of pathological processes. Adhesion to surfaces, morphological switch and biofilm-forming ability are the recognized virulence factors promoting yeast virulence. Sessile lifestyle also favors fungal persistence and antifungal tolerance. In this study, we investigated, in vitro, the efficacy of two urinary cranberry metabolites, 5-(3′,4′-dihydroxy phenyl)-γ-valerolactone (VAL) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), in inhibiting C. albicans adhesion and biofilm formation. Both the reference strain SC5314 and clinical isolates were used. We evaluated biomass reduction, by confocal microscopy and crystal violet assay, and the possible mechanisms mediating their inhibitory effects. Both VAL and 4-HBA were able to interfere with the yeast adhesion, by modulating the expression of key genes, HWP1 and ALS3. A significant dose-dependent reduction in biofilm biomass and metabolic activity was also recorded. Our data showed that the two cranberry metabolites VAL and 4-HBA could pave the way for drug development, for targeting the very early phases of biofilm formation and for preventing genitourinary Candida infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown