Tell the Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis: Interplay Between Chromosomes, Cytoskeleton, and Cell Cycle Regulation

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Masamitsu Sato²  Mika Toya⁴  Yasutaka Kakui⁵ 

[1] Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;Institute for Medical-Oriented Structural Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;Laboratory of Cytoskeletal Logistics, Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences (TWIns), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;Major in Bioscience, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;

关键词: mitosis;    meiosis;    microtubule;    kinetochore;    cell cycle;    fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe);   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcell.2021.660322

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Meiosis is a specialized style of cell division conserved in eukaryotes, particularly designed for the production of gametes. A huge number of studies to date have demonstrated how chromosomes behave and how meiotic events are controlled. Yeast substantially contributed to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of meiosis in the past decades. Recently, evidence began to accumulate to draw a perspective landscape showing that chromosomes and microtubules are mutually influenced: microtubules regulate chromosomes, whereas chromosomes also regulate microtubule behaviors. Here we focus on lessons from recent advancement in genetical and cytological studies of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, revealing how chromosomes, cytoskeleton, and cell cycle progression are organized and particularly how these are differentiated in mitosis and meiosis. These studies illuminate that meiosis is strategically designed to fulfill two missions: faithful segregation of genetic materials and production of genetic diversity in descendants through elaboration by meiosis-specific factors in collaboration with general factors.

【 授权许可】

Unknown