Characteristics, Secondary Formation and Regional Contributions of PM2.5 Pollution in Jinan during Winter

Atmosphere

Lujian Hou¹  Xinhua Wang²  Zhipeng Bai²  Xueyan Zhao²  Jian Wang²  Yingying Liu²  Jing Wang²  Wen Yang²  Bin Han² 

[1] Jinan Eco-environmental Monitoring Center of Shandong Province, Jinan 250000, China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;

关键词: pm_2.5;    so₄²⁻;    rh;    sulfate formation;    regional transport;   

DOI  :  10.3390/atmos11030273

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Air pollution is an increasing threat to human health in China. In this study, daily PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 samples were collected simultaneously at the Jinan Environmental Monitoring Station (EMS)in Jinan, China from 15 November 2016 to 15 March 2017. The aim of this work was to improve the understanding of the characteristics and sources of air particles and determine different levels of PM_2.5 pollution and its constituent elements, water-soluble ions and carbonaceous species. Nitrate (NO₃⁻), organic materials (OM) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻) were identified as the three main components of PM_2.5 pollution. With increasing pollution level, the contributions of SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ increased at greater rates, unlike that of OM. The proportion of SO₄²⁻ exceeded that of NO₃⁻ and became predominant in severe PM_2.5 pollution (SP; 250 μg m⁻³ ≤ PM_2.5 ≤ 500 μg m⁻³). This work demonstrates that SO₄²⁻ has a dominant role in SP level and, consequently, requires greater research attention. It is demonstrated that relative humidity (RH) enhances the rate of sulfate formation more than that of nitrate. Therefore, under the current Chinese emergency response measures, it is necessary to further reduce emissions of SO₂ and NO₂. Four clusters of backward trajectories identified dominant pollution vectors originating from highly industrialized areas that exacerbate the poor air quality in Jinan. It is, therefore, necessary to undertake regional control measures to reduce pollutant emissions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown