Matrix Metalloproteinases in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Luis García-Onrubia¹  Fco.Javier Valentín-Bravo¹  Salvador Pastor-Idoate¹  J.Carlos Pastor¹  RosaM. Coco-Martin²  Ricardo Usategui-Martín²  Rogelio González-Sarmiento³ 

[1] Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;

关键词: age-related macular degeneration;    extracellular matrix;    Bruch’s membrane;    matrix metalloproteinases;    tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases;    MMPs polymorphisms;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms21165934

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, multifactorial and progressive retinal disease affecting millions of people worldwide. In developed countries, it is the leading cause of vision loss and legal blindness among the elderly. Although the pathogenesis of AMD is still barely understood, recent studies have reported that disorders in the regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play an important role in its etiopathogenesis. The dynamic metabolism of the ECM is closely regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The present review focuses on the crucial processes that occur at the level of the Bruch’s membrane, with special emphasis on MMPs, TIMPs, and the polymorphisms associated with increased susceptibility to AMD development. A systematic literature search was performed, covering the years 1990–2020, using the following keywords: AMD, extracellular matrix, Bruch’s membrane, MMPs, TIMPs, and MMPs polymorphisms in AMD. In both early and advanced AMD, the pathological dynamic changes of ECM structural components are caused by the dysfunction of specific regulators and by the influence of other regulatory systems connected with both genetic and environmental factors. Better insight into the pathological role of MMP/TIMP complexes may lead to the development of new strategies for AMD treatment and prevention.

【 授权许可】

Unknown