Effect of Water Vapor Injection on the Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Spark-Ignition Engine

Sustainability

Chieh-Yu Pan¹  Chao-Jung Lai²  Ming-Hsien Hsueh³  Shi-Hao Wang³  Chia-Hsin Hsieh³  Wen-Chen Huang⁴  Meng-Chang Hsieh⁵ 

[1] Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan;Department of Fashion Design and Management, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan 71002, Taiwan;Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807618, Taiwan;Department of Information Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan;Institute of Undersea Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;

关键词: exhaust emission;    combustion;    water vapor injection;    non-thermal plasma (NTP);    engine performance;    air pollution;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su13169229

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The exhaust emissions from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are currently one of the main sources of air pollution. This research presented a method for improving the exhaust gases and the performance of a Spark-Ignition (SI) engine using a water vapor injection system and a Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) system. These two systems were installed on the intake manifold to investigate their effects on the engine’s performance and the characteristics of exhaust emission using different air/fuel (A/F) ratios and engine speeds. The temperatures of the injected water were adjusted to 5 and 25 °C, using a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) temperature control device. The total hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxide (NO_x), and engine torque were measured at different A/F ratios and engine speeds. The results indicated that the adaptation of the water vapor injection system and NTP system increased the content of the combustibles and combustion-supporting substances while achieving better emissions and torque. According to the test results, while the engine torque under 25 °C water+NTP was raised to 7.29%, the HC under 25 °C water+NTP and the NO_x under 25 °C water were reduced to 16.31% and 11.88%, respectively. In conclusion, the water vapor injection and the NTP systems installed on the intake manifold could significantly reduce air pollution and improve engine performance for a more sustainable environment.

【 授权许可】

Unknown