Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Rivers and Drinking Waters from Qingdao, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Nan Gai¹  Yongliang Yang¹  Pengwei Shao¹  Yu Zheng¹  Guohui Lu¹ 

[1] Key Laboratory of Eco-Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, National Research Center for Geo-Analysis (NRCGA), Beijing 100037, China;

关键词: perfluoroalkyl substances;    surface water;    drinking water sources;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph19095722

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in rivers; drinking water sources (reservoirs and groundwater); and various types of drinking waters (tap waters, barreled pure waters, and bottled mineral waters) in Qingdao, Eastern China were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The total concentrations of PFASs (ΣPFASs) in the river waters ranged from 28.3 to 292.2 ng/L, averaging 108 ± 70.7 ng/L. PFBS was the most abundant compound, with a maximum concentration of 256.8 ng/L, followed by PFOA (maximum concentration: 72.4 ng/L) and PFBA (maximum concentration: 41.6 ng/L). High levels of PFASs were found in rivers in the suburban and rural areas. The estimated annual mass loading of the total PFASs to Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) was 5.9 tons. The PFASs in the drinking water reservoirs were relatively low. The ΣPFASs in the tap water ranged from 20.5 ng/L to 29.9 ng/L. Differences in the PFAS levels and composition profiles were found among barreled water at different market sites and for different brands of mineral water products. The sequence of the contamination levels of the waters related to drinking water was reservoir water > tap water > barrel water > groundwater > bottled mineral water. The PFASs in drinking water may not pose a serious risk to the drinking water consumers of Qingdao City.

【 授权许可】

Unknown