Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

Nutrients

Roberto Añez¹  Joselyn Rojas²  Carla Navarro³  Valery Morillo³  María Sofía Martínez³  Milagros Rojas³  Juan Salazar³  Clímaco Cano³  Wheeler Torres³  Lissé Angarita⁴  Valmore Bermudez⁵  Maricarmen Chacín⁵  Arush Rajotia⁶ 

[1] Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28009, Spain;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela;Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción 4260000, Chile;Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia;Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana 122001, India;

关键词: diabetes;    inflammation;    microbiota;    dysbiosis;    lipopolysaccharides;    short-chain fatty acids;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu12103039

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an inflammatory clinical entity with different mechanisms involved in its physiopathology. Among these, the dysfunction of the gut microbiota stands out. Currently, it is understood that lipid products derived from the gut microbiota are capable of interacting with cells from the immune system and have an immunomodulatory effect. In the presence of dysbiosis, the concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases, favoring damage to the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory environment prevails, and a state of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is present. Conversely, during eubiosis, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is fundamental for the maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as well as for immunogenic tolerance and appetite/satiety perception, leading to a protective effect. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that alterations or dysregulation of the gut microbiota can be reversed by modifying the eating habits of the patients or with the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics. Similarly, different studies have demonstrated that drugs like Metformin are capable of modifying the composition of the gut microbiota, promoting changes in the biosynthesis of LPS, and the metabolism of SCFA.

【 授权许可】

Unknown