Assessment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from selected wastewater treatment plants of Southwestern India

Emerging Contaminants

Hirakendu Basu¹  Rakesh Kumar Singhal¹  Yerabham Praveenkumarreddy²  Harikripa Narayana Udayashankar²  Chikmagalur Mallappa Gopal²  Keshava Balakrishna²  Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana³  Krishnamurthy Bhat⁴  Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy⁵  Krishnamoorthi Vimalkumar⁵  Virendra Kumar⁶ 

[1]Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

[2]Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India

[3]Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India

[4]Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India

[5]Ecotoxicology and Toxicogenomics Lab, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India

[6]Radiation Technology Development Division (RTDD), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

关键词: NSAIDs;    Wastewater;    GC MS;    Hazard quotient;    Risk assessment;    Aquatic environment;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) were determined in three selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in southwestern India and the Gurupura River. The concentrations of the NSAIDs in the influents of the WWTPs ranged 125–184 μg/L for aspirin, 5–22 μg/L for ibuprofen, 11–217 μg/L for naproxen, 3–41 μg/L for ketoprofen and 12–68 μg/L for diclofenac. In the effluents, concentrations ranged 0.4–0.7 μg/L for aspirin, 0.1–2 μg/L for ibuprofen, 3–14 μg/L for naproxen, 0.6–0.8 μg/L for ketoprofen and 2–26 μg/L for diclofenac. The NSAIDs in the WWTPs were found in the order of aspirin > naproxen > diclofenac > ketoprofen > ibuprofen. In the Gurupura river, aspirin (0.02 μg/L), ibuprofen (0.17 μg/L), naproxen (8.8 μg/L), ketoprofen (1.5 μg/L) and diclofenac (1.6 μg/L) were quantified. Hazard quotient (HQ) for various aquatic organisms were calculated for the effluents of WWTPs and Gurupura river water. The results showed medium risk of ibuprofen and naproxen to polyp Hydra attenuata. Continuous discharge of NSAIDs into the river can result in adverse effects to the resident organisms.

【 授权许可】

Unknown