Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of Road Dust in Two High-Altitude Latin American Cities

Atmosphere

Jorge E. Pachón¹  Néstor Y. Rojas²  Sebastián Vanegas²  Luis F. O. Silva³  Julio M. Hernández⁴  Jorge Herrera Murillo⁴  Omar Ramírez⁵  Carlos Zafra⁶  Beatriz H. Aristizábal⁷  Erika M. Trejos⁷  Fulvio Amato⁸  Guilherme M. Pereira⁹ 

[1] Centro Lasallista de Investigación y Modelación Ambiental—CLIMA, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia;Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Environmental Sciences School, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 40101, Costa Rica;Environmental Engineering Program, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajicá-Zipaquirá 250247, Colombia;Environmental Engineering Research Group—GIIAUD, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá 110321, Colombia;Hydraulic Engineering and Environmental Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Manizales, Manizales 170004, Colombia;Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05580-000, Brazil;

关键词: PM₁₀;    dust resuspension;    sediment load;    non-exhaust emissions;    chemical profile;    enrichment factors;   

DOI  :  10.3390/atmos12091109

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Road dust (RD) resuspension is one of the main sources of particulate matter in cities with adverse impacts on air quality, health, and climate. Studies on the variability of the deposited PM₁₀ fraction of RD (RD₁₀) have been limited in Latin America, whereby our understanding of the central factors that control this pollutant remains incomplete. In this study, forty-one RD₁₀ samples were collected in two Andean cities (Bogotá and Manizales) and analyzed for ions, minerals, and trace elements. RD₁₀ levels varied between 1.8–45.7 mg/m², with an average of 11.8 mg/m², in Bogotá and between 0.8–26.7 mg/m², with an average of 5.7 mg/m², in Manizales. Minerals were the most abundant species in both cities, with a fraction significantly larger in Manizales (38%) than Bogotá (9%). The difference could be explained mainly by the complex topography and the composition of soil derived from volcanic ash in Manizales. The volcanic activity was also associated with SO₄⁻² and Cl⁻. Enrichment factors and principal component analysis were conducted to explore potential factors associated to sources of RD₁₀. Elements such as Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, V, Sb, and Mo were mainly associated with exhaust and non-exhaust traffic emissions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown