Prevalence of eosinophilic, atopic, and overlap phenotypes among patients with severe asthma in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Mohamed Fattouh¹  Maarten Beekman²  Siraj Wali³  Hamdan Al-Jahdali⁴  Amr S. Albanna⁴  Riyad Allehebi⁵  Hussein Al-Matar⁶ 

[1] AstraZeneca GCC;AstraZeneca International;Department of Medicine - Pulmonary Division, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University;Department of Medicine - Pulmonary Division, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences;Department of Medicine - Pulmonary Division, King Fahad Medical City;Department of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Al Faisal Hospital;

关键词: Eosinophilic asthma;    Atopic asthma;    Saudi Arabia;    Disease characteristics;    Severe asthma;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12890-022-01856-9

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Eosinophilia is a significant factor in asthma severity; however, the prevalence of severe eosinophilic asthma in Saudi Arabia is largely unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of the eosinophilic (defined in this study as ≥ 300 cells/mm3 in blood), atopic (atopic phenotype 1, defined in this study as > 100 IU/mL total serum IgE; atopic phenotype 2, defined in this study as > 150 IU/mL), and overlap phenotypes among patients with severe asthma in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in centers specialized in severe asthma management. Patients aged ≥ 12 years with severe asthma were enrolled. Study patients responded to the Global Initiative for Asthma 2018 assessment of asthma control questionnaire and provided study investigators with current information related to the study objectives. Additional medical record data and a blood sample for total serum IgE and complete blood count were collected. Results A total of 101 patients were enrolled; 83% were female and the mean (standard deviation) age was 48.7 (13.2) years. Forty-five (45%) patients had the eosinophilic phenotype, 50 (50%) had atopic phenotype 1, and 25 (25%) had phenotypic overlap (eosinophilic and atopic 1). Forty-one (41%) patients had atopic phenotype 2 and 23 (23%) had phenotypic overlap (eosinophilic and atopic 2). Asthma control and oral corticosteroid use patterns were similar and there were no significant differences in number of asthma exacerbations across phenotypes. Conclusions In Saudi Arabia, 45% of patients with severe asthma had the eosinophilic phenotype, which is most likely an underestimation as no clinical features of eosinophilia were taken into account in the definition of eosinophilia. Approximately half of them had phenotypic overlap with the atopic phenotype. Trial registration NCT03931954; ClinicalTrials.gov, April 30, 2019.

【 授权许可】

Unknown