Del 'optimismo' historiográfico a la 'crisis' de la historia. Actualidad y relevancia de la epistemología de la historia

Memoria y Civilización

关键词: historiografía;    escuela de los "annales";    ciencias sociales;    crisis de la historia;    filosofía crítica de la historia;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

During the XXth century, historical knowledge has experienced a deep methodological and episthemological renovation. New topics, new problems and new approaches are bringing about profound changes in the field. The influence of French historiography (partiularly the school of the "Annales" founded by Marc Bloch and Lucien Febvre and which reaches its highest point with the monumental work of Fernad Braudel) is felt in the present trend of integrating History and the Social Sciences, considering the economical and social circumstances as essential elements in historical developments. Nevertheless, with the "Nouvelle Histoire" (especially with the leadership of Jacques Le Goff), History has progressively lost its profile in midst of the explosive development of the social sciences. This has caused a feeling of doubt and uncertainty regarding what actually constitutes the proper field of the historian, which has been developing since the mid sixties. One of the facts that has most influenced this feeling of crisis is what has benn called de "emiettement" (crumbling) of History (named that way by Francois Dosse). It is in this context that the question of the epistemological status of historical knowledge acquires its actuality and the importance of critical philosophy is made evident. It is this discipline that can shed the necessary ligths that will enable us to clarify the sense and meaning of History that differentiate it from the other disciplines that are invading its traditional field, pretending to supply the knowledge of the existential condition of human kind.

【 授权许可】

Unknown