Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, a Narrative Reappraisal of the Current Evidence

Cancers

Marco Ferrari¹  Stefano Taboni¹  Piero Nicolai¹  Andrea Luigi Camillo Carobbio¹  Enzo Emanuelli²  Paolo Bossi³  Roberto Maroldi⁴ 

[1] Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua—“Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova”, 35128 Padua, Italy;Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua—“Ospedale di Treviso”, 31100 Treviso, Italy;Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia—“ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia”, 25123 Brescia, Italy;Unit of Radiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia—“ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia”, 25123 Brescia, Italy;

关键词: sinonasal cancer;    nasal cavity;    paranasal sinuses;    squamous cell carcinoma;    diagnosis;    staging;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13112835

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare tumor affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Several aspects of this disease, ranging from epidemiology to biology, pathology, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and post-treatment surveillance are controversial, and consensus on how to manage this sinonasal cancer is lacking. A narrative literature review was performed to summarize the current evidence and provide the reader with available data supporting the decision-making process in patients affected by sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma, alongside the authors’ personal opinion on the unsolved issues of this tumor. The review has highlighted several advances in molecular definition of epithelial cancers of the sinonasal tract. Surgery represents the pivot of treatment and is performed through an endoscopic transnasal approach whenever feasible. Open surgery is required for a large proportion of cases. Reconstruction of the defect follows principles of skull base and cranio-maxillo-facial reconstruction. Chemotherapy is given as neoadjuvant treatment or concomitantly to radiotherapy. Photon-based radiation therapy has a crucial role in the adjuvant setting. Particle therapy is providing promising results. Management of the neck should be planned based on the presence of clinically appreciable metastases, primary tumor extension, and need for recipient vessels. Biotherapy and immunotherapy are still underexplored therapeutical modalities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown