Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Spiroheterocycles via N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis

Molecules

Yue Liu¹  Rong Zeng¹  Xiao-Jun Gou¹  Xiang Zhang¹  Hai-Jun Leng¹  Qing-Song Dai¹  Jun-Long Li¹  Ying Zhang² 

[1] Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China;College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China;

关键词: spiroheterocycles;    N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis;    diastereoselective synthesis;    enantioselective synthesis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules22111882

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Spiroheterocycles are regarded as a privileged framework because of their wide distribution in various natural products and synthetic molecules and promising bioactivities. This review focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of spiroheterocycles by using the strategy of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis, and is organized based on the stereoselectivity and the reactive intermediates. According to the stereochemistry, this review was divided into two main parts, covering racemic and enantioselective versions. In each part, we firstly describe the synthetic transformations using nucleophilic Breslow intermediates, and then discuss the reactions that employ electrophilic acylazolium or radical cation intermediates. With those distinct catalytic activation modes of NHC organocatlysis, we expect this synthetic protocol will possibly produce new molecules with structural novelty and complexity, which may warrant further research in the field of drug discovery.

【 授权许可】

Unknown