Mechanical force induces mitochondrial fission

eLife

Anđela Šarić¹  Jess G Snedeker²  Afshin Vahid³  Tomaso Zambelli³  Timon Idema⁴  Qian Feng⁵  Sebastian Carsten Johannes Helle⁵  Raphael R Grüter⁶  Benoît Kornmann⁶  Mathias J Aebersold⁶  Luca Hirt⁶  Serge Mostowy⁷  Andrea Sirianni⁷ 

[1] Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands;Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, United Kingdom;Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;

关键词: mitochondria;    fission;    mechanobiology;    drp1;    mff;    force;   

DOI  :  10.7554/eLife.30292

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Eukaryotic cells are densely packed with macromolecular complexes and intertwining organelles, continually transported and reshaped. Intriguingly, organelles avoid clashing and entangling with each other in such limited space. Mitochondria form extensive networks constantly remodeled by fission and fusion. Here, we show that mitochondrial fission is triggered by mechanical forces. Mechano-stimulation of mitochondria – via encounter with motile intracellular pathogens, via external pressure applied by an atomic force microscope, or via cell migration across uneven microsurfaces – results in the recruitment of the mitochondrial fission machinery, and subsequent division. We propose that MFF, owing to affinity for narrow mitochondria, acts as a membrane-bound force sensor to recruit the fission machinery to mechanically strained sites. Thus, mitochondria adapt to the environment by sensing and responding to biomechanical cues. Our findings that mechanical triggers can be coupled to biochemical responses in membrane dynamics may explain how organelles orderly cohabit in the crowded cytoplasm.

【 授权许可】

Unknown