Custom-Technology Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Linear Detector Array for Underwater Depth Imaging

Sensors

Giulia Acconcia¹  Ivan Rech¹  Ivan Labanca¹  Aurora Maccarone²  Ulrich Steinlehner²  Gerald S. Buller²  Darryl Newborough³ 

[1] Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;Sonardyne International Ltd., Blackbushe Business Park, Yateley, Hampshire GU46 6GD, UK;

关键词: single-photon;    TCSPC;    underwater imaging;    SPAD;    custom technology;    3D imaging;   

DOI  :  10.3390/s21144850

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

We present an optical depth imaging system suitable for highly scattering underwater environments. The system used the time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) technique and the time-of-flight approach to obtain depth profiles. The single-photon detection was provided by a linear array of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors fabricated in a customized silicon fabrication technology for optimized efficiency, dark count rate, and jitter performance. The bi-static transceiver comprised a pulsed laser diode source with central wavelength 670 nm, a linear array of 16 × 1 Si-SPAD detectors, with a dedicated TCSPC acquisition module. Cylindrical lenses were used to collect the light scattered by the target and image it onto the sensor. These laboratory-based experiments demonstrated single-photon depth imaging at a range of 1.65 m in highly scattering conditions, equivalent up to 8.3 attenuation lengths between the system and the target, using average optical powers of up to 15 mW. The depth and spatial resolution of this sensor were investigated in different scattering conditions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown