Current Trends and Future Prospects of Nanotechnology in Biofuel Production

Catalysts

Anis Ahmad Chaudhary¹  Hassan Ahmed Rudayni¹  Pritam Kumar Dikshit²  Niraj Kumar Jha³  Indrajeet Arya⁴  Jatin Kumar⁴  Soumya Pandit⁴  Asha Poona⁴  Sanjay Kumar⁴  Himanshu Narayan Singh⁵ 

[1] Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;Department of Biotechnology, KoneruLakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India;Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;Department of System Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;

关键词: nanoparticles;    biofuel;    transesterification;    catalyst;    immobilization;   

DOI  :  10.3390/catal11111308

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Biofuel is one of the best alternatives to petroleum-derived fuels globally especially in the current scenario, where fossil fuels are continuously depleting. Fossil-based fuels cause severe threats to the environment and human health by releasing greenhouse gases on their burning. With the several limitations in currently available technologies and associated higher expenses, producing biofuels on an industrial scale is a time-consuming operation. Moreover, processes adopted for the conversion of various feedstock to the desired product are different depending upon the various techniques and materials utilized. Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the best solutions to the current challenges on utilization of biomass in terms of their selectivity, energy efficiency, and time management, with reduced cost involvement. Many of these methods have recently been adopted, and several NPs such as metal, magnetic, and metal oxide are now being used in enhancement of biofuel production. The unique properties of NPs, such as their design, stability, greater surface area to volume ratio, catalytic activity, and reusability, make them effective biofuel additives. In addition, nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and nanosheets have been found to be cost effective as well as stable catalysts for enzyme immobilization, thus improving biofuel synthesis. The current study gives a comprehensive overview of the use of various nanomaterials in biofuel production, as well as the major challenges and future opportunities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown