Reto de la educación superior privada en América latina: entre la expansión y la resistencia

IdeAs

关键词: Private Higher Education;    Latin American University System;    expansion;    resistance;    educational policies;    educational reforms;   

DOI  :  10.4000/ideas.382

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The most important coverage of higher education system developed in Latin America since the 90’s decade of the Twentieth Century. One of the most growing sectors in this period was that of private institutions, shifting the historical structure of the educational system in the region. Several elements show this path: a strong increasing demand for professional education, a new student constituency, the retreatment public policy at the higher educational field, legal educational reforms, free trade agreements among countries, and the impact of the international setting that deeply impact higher educational system.New social scenery defined a great mixture of private educational businesses that were emerging all around Latin America countries. Large social segregation mirrored specific business diversity, both organizational and educational structures, as well as the level of attendance in every country. Larger percentage of growth, both in educational recruitment and of institutions, has been situated in the private sector. Although the public supply is still a very often a large coverage, in some regional contexts a sustained growth of the private sector, that almost equal public supply, is revealed. Most of new private institutions are profitable-oriented businesses. This whole situation has motivated among scholars a new definition for higher educational performance.Those institutions that are linked to market dynamics have, however, some limits, especially in vulnerable economic contexts, such as Latin America. This circumstance turns in an important constituent in the realm of massive policies of higher education, to be broader through private investment. The strong demand for higher education, and accessibility difficulties, both to public and private institutions, are social aspects frequently in political strain.We have to recognize, notwithstanding, the existence of poor conditions that make accessibility to higher education the nodal theme for governmental agendas. The course taken by private institutional promotion has not solved this situation efficiently. Deregulation for the private system has defined the expansion dynamic in the region. This has leaded in a short period of time the presence of a larger portion of low quality private higher education businesses, tied to the market. The way these private institutions were oriented as well as the approved public educational reforms forced to important social collective actions. Privatization policy application, in some degree, resulted in resistance movements claiming for fundamental constituencies in order to have a qualified education: public, free, secular and inclusive.

【 授权许可】

Unknown