A pressure-state-response framework for the sustainability analysis of water national parks in China

Ecological Indicators

Shuping Huang¹  Weicong Fu²  Le Zhong³  Bao-jie He⁴  Wei Li⁵  Jinda Qi⁶ 

[1] Corresponding author at: School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117356, Singapore.;College of Architecture and Planning, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China;College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Department of Landscape Architecture, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China;School of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450015, China;School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117356, Singapore;

关键词: Water national parks;    Integrated assessment;    Pressure-state-responses model;    Spatial-temporal analysis;    Sustainable development;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Water National Parks (WNPs) have been launched by the Ministry of Water Resources of China (MWR) to develop tourism functions for water conservancy projects since 2001. Although WNPs can provide socio-economic benefits, their tourism activities may overload environmental carrying capacity. This study developed a sustainability analysis framework to measure the impact of tourism holistically and explore the challenges inherent in the sustainable development of WNPs. The framework, based on the Pressure-State-Response model, consists of four components: characterisation of WNPs; pressure, state, and response assessment; calculation of a sustainability score; and sustainability analysis of WNPs. To demonstrate the usability of the framework, this study first collected data on 778 WNPs from the MWR in order to characterise WNPs in China, followed by selecting 83 WNPs as examples for a detailed sustainability assessment. The results show that the framework enables: (1) the sustainability analysis of WNPs based on temporal trends, spatial distribution, and types of WNP; and (2) sustainable development challenges to be identified such as the tendency to increase waste discharges and energy consumption. The framework provides a strategic approach for the sustainability analysis, assisting WNPs and other water conservancy projects to achieve sustainable development goals.

【 授权许可】

Unknown