Nut Consumptions as a Marker of Higher Diet Quality in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk

Nutrients

Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez¹  Antonio Garcia-Rios²  Emilio Ros²  Dora Romaguera²  J.Alfredo Martínez²  Fernando Arós²  Josep Basora²  Montserrat Fitó²  José López-Miranda²  Clotilde Vázquez²  Jordi Salas-Salvadó²  Mónica Bulló²  Mariadel Mar Bibiloni²  Dolores Corella²  Ramón Estruch²  Lluis Serra-Majem²  Xavier Pintó²  JosepA. Tur²  Francisco Tinahones²  Javier Diez-Espino²  Julia Wärnberg²  Cristina Bouzas²  MiguelA. Martínez-González²  Alicia Julibert²  José Lapetra²  Estefanía Toledo²  Rebeca Fernández-Carrión²  JuanCarlos Cenoz²  M.Angeles Zulet²  Helmut Schröder³  M.Dolors Zomeño³  Pilar Matía⁴  Josep Vidal⁵  Vicente Martín⁶  Jesús Vioque⁶  Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas⁶  Domingo Orozco-Beltrán⁶  Lidia Daimiel⁷ 

[1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;Miguel Hernandez University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 46020 Alicante, Spain;Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;

关键词: nut consumption;    nutrient adequacy;    diet quality;    Mediterranean diet;    cardiovascular risk disease;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu11040754

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Nut consumption has been associated with improved nutrient adequacy and diet quality in healthy adult populations but this association has never been explored in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Objective: to assess the associations between consumption of nuts and nutrient adequacy and diet quality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Design: baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6060, men and women, with ages 55–75 years old, with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome) in the PREDIMED-PLUS primary cardiovascular prevention randomized trial. Methods: nut intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Participants who reported consuming zero quantity of nuts were classified as ‘non-nut consumers’. ‘Nut consumers’ were participants who reported consuming any quantity of nuts. Nineteen micronutrients were examined (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, A, C, D, E and folic acid; Ca, K, P, Mg, Fe, Se, Cr, Zn, and iodine). The proportion of micronutrient inadequacy was estimated using the estimated average requirements (EAR) or adequate intake (AI) cut-points. Diet quality was also assessed using a 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire (Mediterranean diet score, MDS), a carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and a fat quality index (FQI). Results: eighty-two percent of participants were nut consumers (median of nut consumption 12.6 g/day; interquartile range: 6.0–25.2). Nut consumers were less likely to be below the EAR for vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C, D, E, folic acid, and Ca, Mg, Se and Zn than non-nut consumers. Nut consumers were also more likely to be above the AI for K and Cr than non-nut consumers. Nut consumers had lower prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes, but also higher CQI, higher FQI, and better scores of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Mediterranean diet score, MDS). Conclusions: nut consumers had better nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and adherence to the MedDiet than those non-nut consumers.

【 授权许可】

Unknown