Perception of formal and informal institutions by entrepreneurs in China, Morocco, and Germany – A cross-cultural pilot study

International Journal of Management and Economics

Gassemi Karim¹  May Christian²  Papastamatelou Julie³  Busch Rainer⁴  Unger Alexander⁴ 

[1] Ecole Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion de Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.;MayConsult Worms, Germany;University of Business and Society Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.;University of Business and Society Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany;

关键词: formal institutions;    informal institutions;    self-efficacy;    network orientation;    market orientation;    d02;    d23;   

DOI  :  10.2478/ijme-2020-0026

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Entrepreneurship and the business environment, in general, are being influenced by the existence of formal and informal institutions. This study focuses on the negative versus positive perceptions of Moroccan, Chinese, and German entrepreneurs to formal and informal institutions, and the associations of these perceptions with self-efficacy and market versus network orientation of the business environment.

【 授权许可】

Unknown