Tobacco Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Impact on Tuberculosis in Children

Journal of Clinical Medicine

on behalf of PII Smoking SEPAR Working Group¹  Pere Godoy²  Patricia Comella-del-Barrio³  Raquel Villar-Hernández³  Jose Domínguez³  Irene Latorre³  Beatriz Muriel-Moreno³  Pablo Rodríguez-Fernández³  Joan-Pau Millet⁴  Carlos A. Jiménez-Ruiz⁵  Antoni Soriano-Arandes⁶  María Ángeles Jiménez-Fuentes⁶  Neus Altet⁶  Celia Milà⁶  Maria Luiza de Souza-Galvão⁶ 

[1] ;Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08916 Badalona, Spain;Serveis Clínics, Unitat Clínica de Tractament Directament Observat de la Tuberculosi, 08022 Barcelona, Spain;Unidad de Tabaquismo de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28015 Madrid, Spain;Unitat de Tuberculosi Vall d’Hebron-Drassanes, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08001 Barcelona, Spain;

关键词: Mycobacterium tuberculosis;    cigarette smoking;    passive smoking;    child;    immunology;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm11072000

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Little is known about whether second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure affects tuberculosis (TB). Here, we investigate the association of cigarette smoke exposure with active TB and latent TB infection (LTBI) in children, analyzing Interferon-Gamma Release Assays’ (IGRAs) performance and cytokine immune responses. A total of 616 children from contact-tracing studies were included and classified regarding their smoking habits [unexposed, SHS, or smokers]. Risk factors for positive IGRAs, LTBI, and active TB were defined. GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-22, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1RA and IP-10 cytokines were detected in a subgroup of patients. Being SHS exposed was associated with a positive IGRA [aOR (95% CI): 8.7 (5.9–12.8)] and was a main factor related with LTBI [aOR (95% CI): 7.57 (4.79–11.94)] and active TB [aOR (95% CI): 3.40 (1.45–7.98)]. Moreover, IGRAs’ sensitivity was reduced in active TB patients exposed to tobacco. IL-22, GM-CSF, IL-5, TNF-α, IP-10, and IL-13 were less secreted in LTBI children exposed to SHS. In conclusion, SHS is associated with LTBI and active TB in children. In addition, false-negative IGRAs obtained on active TB patients exposed to SHS, together with the decrease of specific cytokines released, suggest that tobacco may alter the immune response.

【 授权许可】

Unknown