Cellular Mechanisms Participating in Brain Repair of AdultZebrafish and Mammals after Injury

Cells

Luisa Lübke¹  Sepand Rastegar¹  Nicolas Diotel²  Batoul Ghaddar²  David Couret² 

[1] Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany;Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France;

关键词: adult neurogenesis;    brain injury;    neural stem cell;    regeneration;    stroke;    zebrafish;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells10020391

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Adult neurogenesis is an evolutionary conserved process occurring in all vertebrates. However, striking differences are observed between the taxa, considering the number of neurogenic niches, the neural stem cell (NSC) identity, and brain plasticity under constitutive and injury-induced conditions. Zebrafish has become a popular model for the investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in adult neurogenesis. Compared to mammals, the adult zebrafish displays a high number of neurogenic niches distributed throughout the brain. Furthermore, it exhibits a strong regenerative capacity without scar formation or any obvious disabilities. In this review, we will first discuss the similarities and differences regarding (i) the distribution of neurogenic niches in the brain of adult zebrafish and mammals (mainly mouse) and (ii) the nature of the neural stem cells within the main telencephalic niches. In the second part, we will describe the cascade of cellular events occurring after telencephalic injury in zebrafish and mouse. Our study clearly shows that most early events happening right after the brain injury are shared between zebrafish and mouse including cell death, microglia, and oligodendrocyte recruitment, as well as injury-induced neurogenesis. In mammals, one of the consequences following an injury is the formation of a glial scar that is persistent. This is not the case in zebrafish, which may be one of the main reasons that zebrafish display a higher regenerative capacity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown