Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development

Microorganisms

GloriaN. Akaluka¹  EnitanS. Salako¹  JudeE. Uzonna¹  Chukwunonso Onyilagha¹  AidaF. Barazandeh¹  NnamdiM. Ikeogu¹  ChidaluA. Edechi² 

[1] Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada;

关键词: Leishmania infection;    immunotherapy;    cytokines;    myeloid cells;    T cells;    vaccine;   

DOI  :  10.3390/microorganisms8081201

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease.

【 授权许可】

Unknown