Effects of Dietary Protein Source and Quantity on Bone Morphology and Body Composition Following a High-Protein Weight-Loss Diet in a Rat Model for Postmenopausal Obesity

Nutrients

Maxime A. Gallant¹  Wayne W. Campbell²  Erica R. Hill²  Perla C. Reyes Fernandez³  William R. Thompson³  Christian S. Wright³  Russell P. Main⁴ 

[1] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;

关键词: protein source;    high protein;    weight loss;    bone density;    postmenopausal;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu14112262

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Higher protein (>30% of total energy, HP)-energy restriction (HP-ER) diets are an effective means to improve body composition and metabolic health. However, weight loss (WL) is associated with bone loss, and the impact of HP-ER diets on bone is mixed and controversial. Recent evidence suggests conflicting outcomes may stem from differences in age, hormonal status, and the predominant source of dietary protein consumed. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of four 12-week energy restriction (ER) diets varying in predominate protein source (beef, milk, soy, casein) and protein quantity (normal protein, NP 15% vs. high, 35%) on bone and body composition outcomes in 32-week-old obese, ovariectomized female rats. Overall, ER decreased body weight, bone quantity (aBMD, aBMC), bone microarchitecture, and body composition parameters. WL was greater with the NP vs. HP-beef and HP-soy diets, and muscle area decreased only with the NP diet. The HP-beef diet exacerbated WL-induced bone loss (increased trabecular separation and endocortical bone formation rates, lower bone retention and trabecular BMC, and more rod-like trabeculae) compared to the HP-soy diet. The HP-milk diet did not augment WL-induced bone loss. Results suggest that specific protein source recommendations may be needed to attenuate the adverse alterations in bone quality following an HP-ER diet in a model of postmenopausal obesity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown