COVID-19 and Preexisting Comorbidities: Risks, Synergies, and Clinical Outcomes

Frontiers in Immunology

Mohammad Reza Sepand¹  Ian Sullivan¹  Steven Zanganeh¹  Banafsheh Bigdelou¹  Mohammed Sharaf³  Jim Q. Ho⁵  Manina Etter⁶  Tala Shekarian⁶  Gregor Hutter⁶  Olin Liang⁷  Prashant Chauhan⁸  Rahim Esfandiarpour⁹  Jorge Alfonso Tavares Negrete⁹  Sahar Najafikhoshnoo⁹ 

[1] Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States;Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States;Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States;Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States;Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States;Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre Czech Academy of Science, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;Laboratory for Integrated Nano Bio Electronics Innovation, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;

关键词: coronavirus disease 2019;    COVID-19;    immune responses;    cancer;    cardiovascular disease;    diabetes;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2022.890517

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated symptoms, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in the declaration of a pandemic. When several countries began enacting quarantine and lockdown policies, the pandemic as it is now known truly began. While most patients have minimal symptoms, approximately 20% of verified subjects are suffering from serious medical consequences. Co-existing diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and others, have been shown to make patients more vulnerable to severe outcomes from COVID-19 by modulating host–viral interactions and immune responses, causing severe infection and mortality. In this review, we outline the putative signaling pathways at the interface of COVID-19 and several diseases, emphasizing the clinical and molecular implications of concurring diseases in COVID-19 clinical outcomes. As evidence is limited on co-existing diseases and COVID-19, most findings are preliminary, and further research is required for optimal management of patients with comorbidities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown