| Perfil epidemiológico de las alteraciones de la oclusión en la población escolar del corregimiento de Genoy, municipio de Pasto, Colombia</td>
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<td colspan="2" class="text5">关键词:
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"maloclusión"'>maloclusión</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"clasificación de Angle"'>clasificación de Angle</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"mordida cruzada"'>mordida cruzada</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"mordida abierta"'>mordida abierta</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"oclusión"'>oclusión</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"malocclusion"'>malocclusion</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"Angle classification"'>Angle classification</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"crossbite"'>crossbite</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"open bite"'>open bite</a>;
<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oakeywords:"occlusion"'>occlusion</a>;
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<td class="text2" colspan="2" style="color: #2575A5;">DOI : </td>
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<td colspan="2" class="text5" style="color: #2575A5;">来源:<a
href='http://oa.las.ac.cn/oainone/service/browseall/viewmore?ptype=JA&q= AND oasourcestr:"DOAJ"'>
DOAJ</a></td>
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<h6>【 摘 要 】</h6>
<p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;">
INTRODUCCIÓN: el objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de alteraciones de la oclusión en población escolar de 5 a 16 años del corregimiento de Genoy (Pasto), durante el año 2010. MÉTODOS:estudio transversal en 439 escolares en la Institución Educativa Municipal Francisco de La Villota (sector público) del Corregimiento de Genoy, municipio de Pasto (Colombia). Se hizo un examen clínico y se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, presencia de caries, características de los arcos, relación molar derecha e izquierda en dientes deciduos y permanentes y alteraciones de la oclusión. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de frecuencias totales y por sexo. Cálculo de razones de prevalencia (RP) con sus intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%) para determinar asociación entre el sexo y las principales alteraciones de la oclusión. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia de caries fue del 88%. Las alteraciones de la oclusión que se presentaron con mayor frecuencia fueron la mordida abierta anterior (10%; con mayor frecuencia en mujeres sin diferencias significativas) y mordida cruzada anterior (9,6% con mayor prevalencia en mujeres y diferencias significativas p < 0,05). Los hábitos que presentaron mayor frecuencia fueron: deglución atípica (38%), dificultad en la pronunciación (19%) y onicofagia (15%). Las mujeres presentaron mayor frecuencia de relación molar clase I y los hombres mayor frecuencia de clase II y clase III. CONCLUSIONES:se presentaron algunas variaciones en el diagnóstico de alteraciones de la oclusión por sexo, siendo mayor frecuencia de clase I, mordida cruzada y abierta anterior en mujeres. Se sugieren estrategias específicas que permitan establecer los principales factores de riesgo para estas alteraciones.<br>INTRODUCTION: the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of occlusion alterations in a population of schoolchildren between the ages of 5 and 16 years in the Genoy Township (Pasto), during 2010. METHODS:a cross sectional study was conducted in a sample of 439 children at the Institución Educativa Municipal Francisco de la Villota (public school) of the Genoy Township, Municipality of Pasto (Colombia). A clinical exam was carried out and socio-demographic variables, presence of dental caries, arch characteristics, right and left molar relationships for deciduous and permanent teeth, and occlusion alterations were recorded. A descriptive analysis of total frequencies and by gender was conducted. Calculations of prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were made in order to estimate the association between gender and main occlusion alterations. RESULTS: Caries prevalence was 88%. The occlusion alterations most frequently observed were anterior open bite (10%, more frequent in girls, with no significant differences) and anterior crossbite (9.6%, more frequent in girls, with significant differences, p < 0.05). The most frequent habits were atypical swallowing pattern (38%), pronunciation difficulties (19%) and nail biting (15%). Girls presented Class I molar relationship more frequently than boys. Class II and III molar relationships were observed more frequently in males than in females. CONCLUSIONS:some differences in the diagnosis of occlusion alterations were found by gender, being Class I, crossbite and anterior open bite the most common ones in girls. Specific strategies are suggested in order to establish the principal risk factors for these alterations.</p>
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