Oral Microbiota of the Snake Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

André Cabié¹  Bruno Mégarbane²  Claude Olive³  JoséMaría Gutiérrez⁴  Hatem Kallel⁵  Rémi Névière⁶  Dabor Résière⁶  Hossein Mehdaoui⁶ 

[1] Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Martinique, 97200 Martinique, France;Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, INSERM UMRS-1144, 75010 Paris, France;Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Martinique, 97200 Martinique, France;Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501 San José, Costa Rica;Intensive Care Unit, Rosemond André General Hospital, Cayenne, 97300 French Guiana, France;Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, 97200 Martinique, France;

关键词: Bothrops lanceolatus;    envenomation;    snakebite;    bacteria;    infection;    antibiotic susceptibility;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph15102122

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In Martinique, Bothrops lanceolatus snakebite, although relatively uncommon (~30 cases/year), may result in serious complications such as systemic thrombosis and local infections. Infections have been hypothesized to be related to bacteria present in the snake’s oral cavity. In this investigation, we isolated, identified, and studied the susceptibility to beta-lactams of bacteria sampled from the oral cavity of twenty-six B. lanceolatus specimens collected from various areas in Martinique. Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity was polymicrobial. Isolated bacteria belonged to fifteen different taxa; the most frequent being Aeromonas hydrophyla (present in 50% of the samples), Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus spp., and Enterococcus spp. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility revealed that 66.7% of the isolated bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In contrast, the majority of isolated bacteria were susceptible to the third-generation cephalosporins (i.e., 73.3% with cefotaxime and 80.0% with ceftazidime). Microbiota from B. lanceolatus oral cavity is polymicrobial with bacteria mostly susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins but rarely to amoxicillin/clavulanate. In conclusion, our findings clearly support that first-line antibiotic therapy in the B. lanceolatus-bitten patients, when there is evidence of infection, should include a third-generation cephalosporin rather than amoxicillin/clavulanate.

【 授权许可】

Unknown